Wednesday, March 31, 2010
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Monday, March 29, 2010
Lincoln vs. Pericles
1. Gettysburg Address
a. Why?
i. The American civil war
ii. Union armies defeated Confederates at the battle of Gettysburg.
2. Funeral Speech
a. Why?
i. Pericles' Funeral Oration from the Peloponnesian War
ii. Value of democracy
3. Thesis – Both leaders in their speeches wanted to express pride and explain the value of democracy in times of war and struggle.
4. Pericles Quotes
a. “we have forced every sea and land to be the highway of our daring, and everywhere, whether for evil or for good, have left imperishable monuments behind us.” (Pericles)
b. Meaning
i. Good and evil mean nothing
ii. The people have done great things and war is foolish
5. Lincoln’s Quotes
c. “The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.”
d. MEANING
"Gettysburg Address -." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 29 Mar. 2010. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettysburg_Address>.
Pasted from <http://easybib.com/cite/view>
Friday, March 26, 2010
Thursday, March 25, 2010
Could Rome have risen to power without slavery?
Could Rome have risen to power without slavery? What did the slaves do for the empire? Slaves were considered to be property of their owners. Slaves had no rights. They were forced to work, and held against their will. They could not marry, and were stripped of all rights and privileges that a typical Roman citizen had. Over time, slaves began to gain a quantity of rights such as being able to file grievances against their masters. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery_in_ancient_Rome)What if there were no slaves at all? Would that mean Ancient Rome as we know wouldn’t have been the most powerful empire in the world? Rome did have slavery and without it, the empire would have met its demise.
Slaves were mainly acquired through warfare. Bringing back defeated soldiers to become your slaves bought in a plethora of money income. Slave owners treated them the way they wanted to. If they wanted to be cruel, so be it. From the Roman play, Pseudolus, it describes what kind of treatment slaves were likely to get. Ballio, an ancient slave owner, would give harsh, direct orders such as “get out, come, out with you, you rascals; kept at a loss, and bought at a loss.” (Plautus) He would then whip them at whipping posts. Cato the elder has been noted to expel the useless slaves out of his house. (Treatment and Experience-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery_in_ancient_Rome) If owners treated a slave well, the slave would perform a more superior job. So to keep the slaves performing at a better-quality work rate, the Roman slave owners had to be civil. Rome needed to keep their slaves around.
Messenio states “Well, this is the proof of a good servant: he must take care of his master's business, look after it, arrange it, think about it; when his master is away, take care of it diligently just as much as if his master were present, or be even more careful.” (Plautus) A good servant would be kept around in Ancient Rome. Slavery aided in the expansion of the Roman Empire. Rome wanted all the people they could get to make their empire larger than life. Without slaves, their population would have dwindled. The slaves were needed to work in the mines, farm fields, and households. If slaves were busy doing all the hard labor, that left opportunities for Roman citizens to think of ideas to rise to an even greater power.
Works Cited
Plautus. "Ancient History Sourcebook: Slavery in the Roman Republic. Menaechmi Act V Scene 4." FORDHAM.EDU. Web. 25 Mar. 2010.
Plautus. "Ancient History Sourcebook: Slavery in the Roman Republic. Pseudolus, Act. I, Sc. 2." FORDHAM.EDU. Web. 25 Mar. 2010.
Monday, March 22, 2010
Review!
MESOPOTAMIA:
Sumerians-
- Sumerian's were the oldest known civilization
- they wrote in cuneiform.
- Sumerian people gave us two things: writing and laws.
- Code of Hammurabi - an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth.
- they wrote the history of mankind. Genesis! They describe where the garden of Eden was. It was in Mesopotamia.
- You can't have civilization without and oasis
EGYPT:
- Death is the most important thing of Egyptian culture
- Pharaoh was GOD ON EARTH. He controlled everything in Egypt.
- Ka - human spirit, meaning in life.
- Hearts are weighed against a feather. This decides your afterlife.
- Gods would accompany you into the land of the dead
- Nile River floods every year for 4 months making the land suitable for farming
- "Egypt is a gift of the Nile" -Herodotus
- Pharoah was responsible for the rise and fall of the Nile
- the water from the monsoon brings fresh water and silt.
MINOANS:
- lived on Crete (island of Greece)
- sacrifice of boys and girls to the Minotaur.
- mighty palaces on Crete
- a volcano erupted and ripped apart the island. This volcano created tsunamis and thick clouds full of sulfurous gas. Extreme temperature changes occurred. THERA (Santorini) was the volcano that exploded. Today, there is just a huge hole in the middle of the island.
- Trojan War! Achilles vs Trojans.
- Purim was the king of Troy at the time.
Friday, March 19, 2010
Who's a Good Guy? Who's a Bad Guy?
The Vikings were Scandinavian explorers, warriors, merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized several parts of Europe. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking) Vikings were characterized as a fierce, merciless group, by the non-Viking people. The Vikings were not afraid of death. They were individuals who took everything they could get their hands on. They conquered every place they came across. The question is; were they good or bad? If you’re a Viking, of course you are going to think you are a good person. If you are not a Viking and were on the side that was being attacked, the Viking people would have been bad in your perspective. Overall, Vikings were bad because they engaged in activities that were immoral and barbaric.
Vikings enjoyed attacking places that were virtually defenseless. These places were typically monasteries because the monks and clergy men were unprotected and had great wealth within the monastery’s walls. Vikings were not scared of attacking any place as a matter of fact. If they were coming your way, you better run for your life. Vikings were so bad; they showed no mercy and killed anyone who got in their way. Are pirates “good”? No, no they are not. Well, neither are the Scandinavian Vikings. They were sometimes referred to as pirate because they came by sea and robbed people. “Pirates of the Northmen's race came to Nantes, killed the bishop and many of the clergy and laymen, both men and women, and pillaged the city.” (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/843bertin.html#Bertin) Vikings moved on after living in the conquered area for awhile to conquer a new region.
Vikings continued being harsh and hostile to conquer whatever land area they could. “The Danish pirates landed in Frisia. They were able to force from the people whatever contributions they wished and, being victors in battle, they remained masters of almost the entire province.” (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/843bertin.html#Bertin) People were terrified of them. It is just morally wrong to think of the Vikings as being good people. Forcing a group, or groups, of people to give you whatever you wanted? It is cruel without a doubt. Could they have conquered in a peaceful way? Sure they could have, but can you recall an event where peaceful “conquer” was utilized? In those days, power was gained through ferocity and force. Vikings used a scare tactic to terrify folks to get their way. It worked.
Another reason why the Vikings were “bad” was because they tricked people in settling on the land of Greenland. Erik the Red decided to give it a name like green land to make people want to go and settle there. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Greenland#Norse_settlement) Obliviously, if you told people the land was green; it meant it was lush and full of vegetation. In reality, the land of Greenland was icy and harsh. The Vikings show a little bit of evidence being good, because they had Christianity in their life. They didn’t have Christianity until Leif Ericsson came into the picture. Leif Ericsson went to Norway to speak to the king who told him to bring Christianity to Greenland. That is why Leif tricked people into settling onto Greenland. He ultimately did indeed bring Christianity to Greenland.
Whether the Vikings were good or bad back in the 9th century, they are certainly loved today. One personal opinion of a man named Joel Grip, is that “everyone I met is like, yay a Viking! And they hug me.” Joel stated this while having a Skype Webcam session with a Western Civilization class. Descendants of Vikings and people of Scandinavian descent are greeted with arms wide open. People seem to love Vikings, but some people may be still terrified of them because of their fierce background. It is, in a sense, a wow factor to be a descendent of a Viking. Whether they were considered good or bad, Vikings stand tall.
Citation: "Norse Settlement". Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 18 March 2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Greenland#Norse_settlement
"Three Sources on the Ravages of the Northmen in Frankland, c. 843 - 912". Medieval Sourcebook.18 March 2010. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/843bertin.html#Bertin
"The Discovery of North America by Leif Ericsson". Medieval Sourcebook. 17 March 2010. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1000Vinland.html
Thursday, March 18, 2010
Give three examples of Charlemagne's influence in the architecture or literature of the Early Middle Ages.
Charlemagne influenced the architecture and literature of the Middle Ages in several ways. First, Charlemagne dressed in a manner that made him "wear the national, that is to say, the Frank..." (#23 Charle's Clothing http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/einhard1.html) He wore linen shirts and breeches, a tunic fringed with silk, shoes, and a tight-fitting coat made out of otter or marten skins. This influenced the type of clothing people wanted to wear. Carolingian Art was influence by Charlemagne because "Charlemagne revived large-scale bronze casting when he created a foundry at Aachen which cast the doors for his palace chapel, in imitation of Roman designs". ("Sculpture and metalwork" 2010. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 18 March 2010. http://ow.ly/1nOX3) Also, Charlemagne modified that traditional way to making beautiful metalwork such as " jewelry and splendid weapons, which were often adorned with abstract ornament and brightly colored gems." (http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/caro/hd_caro.htm) He had lavishly illustrated books, jeweled reliquaries, and gold and silver liturgical objects. Lastly, Charlemagne influenced the education system by setting higher standards. He wanted "to have both boys and girls instructed in the liberal arts". (#19 Charle and the education of his children http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/einhard1.html
).
Citation: Einhard. "Life of Charlemagne". Medieval Sourcebook. 18 March 2010. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/einhard1.html
"Sculpture and metalwork" 2010. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 18 March 2010. http://ow.ly/1nOX3
Sorabella, Jean. "Carolingian Art". In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000-. 18 March 2010. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/caro/hd_caro.htm (December 2008)
Images from: "Plaque with Saint John the Evangelist [Carolingian; Made in Aachen] (1977.421)". In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000 ndash;. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ho/06/euwc/ho_1977.421.htm (October 2006)
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